The Beatles and the Paul McCartney Hoax :: Research Papers Paul mcCartney Essays

I read the news today, oh boy, about a lucky man who made the grade...he blew his mind out in a car. He didnt notice that the lights had changed.(the Beatles, 1967) These lyrics proved to fans that Paul McCartney had indeed died in a tragic auto accident in late 1966. Some the great unwashed were skeptical about the explanation, but upon investigating the album covers and the lyrics of the Beatles songs, the story seems to string sense. Some of the lyrics have to be a twisted in order to make sense in the prank, but after an explanation, the clues are perfectly coherent. For thirty-one years, the Paul Death Hoax has intrigued a horde of Beatles fans and fanatics alike. While its difficult to flush to an absolute point of origination, there is no evidence whatsoever that the Beatles themselves had anything to do with the story, although many claim that the Beatles intended it to be a joke the their fans. However, clues, which seem so cleverly arranged, are random coincidences or ina ccurate interpretations of existing facts, and all Beatles have denied that they were in any way involved with the deceit. This leads people to believe that by chance Paul did die in that alleged accident. In the late summer 1969, the Northern Illinois University campus newspaper, Northern Star, obtained a list of clues from a student who wrote a query paper on the hoax. (Saki) Russell Gibb, a disc jockey for the Detroit radio station, WNKR, then got a copy of it from a friend of his, and on his radio show, proceeded to read them and point make up his own on the spot. Within a few days, Gibb and his coworkers were astonished to see that newspapers and reporters took his on-air joke too seriously and spread the story more(prenominal) widely. (Saki) More clues came about when Fred Labour, arts reviewer of the University of Michigans student newspaper, The Michigan Daily, was asked to review Abbey Road. He had listened to Gibbs radio show a few days before this, and was inspired to write his own article, based on clues from Gibb and making up his own. The newspaper published the article under the title, McCartney Dead New Evidence Brought to Light. (Saki) Labour and the editor, J. Gray, anticipate that everyone knew it was a joke. The rest of the world took it seriously, and soon Labour was swamped with phone calls from media who wanted more information about his findings.

Amendments that Make U.S. Citizens Equal Essay -- 15th amendment, freed

Wouldnt it be wrong if the women in the linked States could not voter turnout? Arent elections near coming together as equal United States citizens to vote for a candidate? The 19th amendment of the US Constitution states, All US female citizens feel the right to vote. Men and women were not treated as equal Americans. The 19th amendment gave women the same rights as men. The 15th amendment of the US Constitution states, The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by each state on account of race, color, or precedent condition of servitude. Freedom and equal right amendments are important because they represent what America stands for and thats a free country. This reminds us that we as citizens should participate in any election, not because I say so, simply because not all American citizens were able to vote at a point in clip and fought so that you could today. The 19th amendment was passed by Congress on J une, 4 1919 but wasnt ratified until August, 18 1920. The 19th amendment of the US Constitution states, All US female citizens have the right to vote. Men and women were not treated as equal Americans. Many women were only considered housewives at the time. Men wanted women to preserve home and take care of the children while the men would bring in the income. It was expected of women like it was traditional. But like all humans you have the ones who leave alone stand up and fight for a change. Women wanted to be educated and were willing to work and make their own decisions. Some women protested, went on hunger strikes, and all the same jailed fighting for their rights. Women started conventions, groups, anything that could help fight for some equal rights. The 19th... ...n Luther King would make sure there was equal rights for all United States Americans. Overall, The 19th amendment of the US Constitution states, All US female citizens have the right to vote. Men and wom en were not treated as equal Americans. The 19th amendment gave women the same rights as men. The 15th amendment of the US Constitution states, The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Freedom and equal right amendments are important because they represent what America stands for and thats a free country. This reminds us that we as citizens should participate in any election, not because I say so, simply because not all American citizens were able to vote at a point in time and fought so that you could today.

The Sacrifice of Life :: essays research papers fc

A simple definition of open is to give up something for the sake of something else, whether it is for another homosexual life, for an idea, or even for a belief. She was 17 years old. He stood glaring at her, his weapon before her face. Do you believe in God? She paused. It was a life-or-death question. Yes, I believe in God. Why? asked her executi championr. But he never gave her the chance to respond. The teenage girl lay dead at his feet. (DC discourse 17) This example of a sacrifice really happened at Columbine High School in Littleton, CO, on April 20, 1999. In the story Iphigenia and in todays society, justification can be found in favor of the sacrifice of life for the lives of others, for the sake of ones country, and for ones religious beliefs.First, one can see the importance of the sacrifice of one life in order to save many more. In the Grecian tale, Iphigenia is forced by her founding father and the multitudes of Grecian soldiers to sacrifice her life in order to ap pease the god that controls the winds. Her inner struggle consists of the desire to live verses the knowledge of the fact that if she doesnt die, her family allow for be executed along with her. Iphigenia must decide which is more important in the grand scheme of things. Her decision to die is only made because she realizes that she is the sacrifice for the ones she holds dearest to her heart, her own family members. This devotion to her kindred is her reason for willingly giving her life. As Achilles speaks with Iphigenia about her decision, he notices the nobility and courage that she is putting forth in order to make such a huge sacrifice. This courage is much like the courage that is shown in the sacrifice of lives today for others.When searching todays society for those that show courage and nobility like that of Iphigenia, one acknowledges the work of the firefighters and police departments. Every time a person of this profession leaves their station in lieu of a call, they a re potentially sacrificing their lives for the lives of others. The many possible things that could happen to one of these workers while on the field could put them in a spatial relation where their safety is questionable. It is understood that this worker must sacrifice his or her life for whatever person that is in need of help.

Strange Fits of Passion Essay -- Literary Analysis, Shakespeare

The lunatic, the lover, and the poet, are of imagination all compact. William Shakespeare, Mid-Summer Nights Dream, 1595, this quote by Shakespeare is a definitive illustration of Wordsworths persona in his poem Strange Fits of Passion I have known. In the poem the speaker embarks on a moonlight horse ride to his lover lucys cottage it is during his ride there that the speaker engages in lunatic concepts imagining lucy being dead when he arrives to entrance her. The poem is uniquely characterized by the adverse effects of love on a person, as well as how nature has an effect on military man emotion the latter being a staple theme in many of Wordsworths literary pieces.In the first stanza the speaker begins to vocalize the thought he had experienced while travelling to his lovers cottage. Strange fits of passion have I known And I will dare to tell, besides in the Lovers ear alone, What once to me befell.The speaker descr ibes his sudden outburst of emotion as strange as he is keenly aware(predicate) that his thoughts of lucy being dead are peculiar. It is common that when in love a person may pay heed to their imagination moreso than reality The line tho in the Lovers ear alone(Line three) is the speaker saying that he will share his strange thoughts but only to those who, like him, are in the throes of passion for they would understand the affects love can have on a person Wordsworth is known for his references to nature in many of his poems , the second stanza in this poem doesnt stray from that commonality. When she I loved looked every day Fresh as a rose in June, I to her cottage dead set(p) my way, ... ...n his chest.The final stanza at last reveals the speakers thoughts that have been accumulating throughout the poem. What fond and wayward thoughts will slide Into a Lovers school principal O mercy to myself I cried, If Lucy should be deadAppalled at this final revelation it is apparent that the speaker has experienced similar thoughts and that sometimes despite great efforts your imagination can steer your thoughts to the contrary of rational thinking What fond and wayward thoughts will slide ( Line 25) Into a Lovers head (Line 26). Strange fits of passion is another poem by Wordsworth that uses nature as a medium when conveying human emotion but provides a unique portrayal of the absurdities of emotional experience that can evolve from passionate love.

Italian Immigration and the United States of America Essay -- American

Italian Immigration and the coupled States of AmericaToday we live in a world of which some take over come to understand where it all came from. So many different little contributions have accumulated over the years to create today in the get together States of America. Not one factor is more important than the next, however, some have had a larger, lasting impact today. Immigration and racial discrimination have contend the most important role as to why American society has altered. In 1917 America entered World War one. By doing this America played a grave role in conquering Germany and ushering peace to Europe. However, the Great War also meant that the US would change dramatically by means of historical issues and changes which resulted in American society. Industries had started to realize that it was not as simple as it was before to abstract the immigrants. As the country developed and became more successful it attracted outsiders who were searching for chances. During th e 1920s the United States began to confine immigrants due to cultural and economical purposes. The immigrants faced several afflictions such as racism and religious oppression. The examination of immigration expressed an important modify in American society after WWI. In this essay I am going to discuss how world war one altered the American society with the main influence of race. The main issues being immigration, and racial discrimination. The Italians serve as my main example. Could you put yourself in the shoes or another if they didnt cost as much as the ones on your feet? Imagine if you are an immigrant and you have entered a bizarre and new environment. You do not belong anywhere and to this place you are not given the same privileges as the other people. These people see you as an alien and someone who takes away their jobs. As sound as this you are also accused and blamed for things that you have never do. No matter how much you beg, or convince them that you have not done anything they still do not believe you. This society is against you and have nothing positive to say. This is what the immigrants had to face. This was particularly true for the Italians. During the nineteenth century the amount of immigration to the unite states was increasing rapidly. The largest proportion of these new immigrants were from Italy, Russia, and Ireland. There was a combined reac... ...which have been learned and developed from the Americans. At first the behavior and reactions of the American citizens towards the foreigners was pure crime but then they started to realize that the immigrants were there for a purpose. Gradually they learned to accept them in the American society as time passed on through the 1920s.Works CitedGrant, Madison. (1999). The Passing of a Great Race. October 17, 2007.Hasall, P. (1999). US Immigration. Internet Modern History Sourcebook. October 18, 2004. http//www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/modsbook28.htmlClaris, S. (1998). Italians Gal e Encyclopedia of Multicultural America . October 17, 2004. Boston Gale Research, Inc., 1995.http//nhs.needham.k12.ma.us/cur/kane98/kane_p3_immig/Italian/italian.htmMintz, S. (2003). Italian Immigration. Digital History. October 17, 2004. http//www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/historyonline/italian_immigration.cfmPoholek, Catherine H. (1998) Thirteen Years That Damaged America. Prohibition in the 1920s. October 18, 2004. http//www.geocities.com/Athens/Troy/4399/Newby, Richard. (2004) Sacco-Vanzetti Case. October 18, 2004. http//www.writing.upenn.edu/afilreis/88/sacvan.html

Italian Immigration and the United States of America Essay -- American

Italian Immigration and the United States of AmericaToday we live in a world of which close to catch come to understand where it all came from. So many different little contributions have accumulated over the years to create today in the United States of America. Not one factor is more all-important(prenominal) than the next, however, some have had a larger, lasting impact today. Immigration and racial discrimination have vie the most important role as to why American society has neutered. In 1917 America entered World War one. By doing this America played a grave role in conquering Germany and ushering peace to Europe. However, the Great War also meant that the US would change dramatically through historical issues and changes which resulted in American society. Industries had started to realize that it was non as simple as it was before to abstract the immigrants. As the country developed and became more successful it attracted outsiders who were searching for chances. During the 1920s the United States began to confine immigrants due to cultural and economical purposes. The immigrants faced several afflictions such as racism and religious oppression. The examination of in-migration expressed an important shift in American society after WWI. In this essay I am going to discuss how world war one altered the American society with the main influence of race. The main issues being immigration, and racial discrimination. The Italians serve as my main example. Could you put yourself in the shoes or other if they didnt cost as much as the ones on your feet? Imagine if you are an immigrant and you have entered a bizarre and new environment. You do not choke anywhere and to this place you are not given the same privileges as the other people. These people see you as an alien and someone who takes away their jobs. As well as this you are also accused and blamed for things that you have never done. No matter how much you beg, or convince them that you have not d one anything they still do not believe you. This society is against you and have nothing positive to say. This is what the immigrants had to face. This was particularly true for the Italians. During the nineteenth century the amount of immigration to the united states was increasing rapidly. The largest proportion of these new immigrants were from Italy, Russia, and Ireland. There was a combined reac... ...which have been learned and developed from the Americans. At first the behavior and reactions of the American citizens towards the foreigners was tenuous hatred but then they started to realize that the immigrants were there for a purpose. Gradually they learned to accept them in the American society as time passed on through the 1920s.Works CitedGrant, Madison. (1999). The Passing of a Great Race. October 17, 2007.Hasall, P. (1999). US Immigration. Internet Modern History Sourcebook. October 18, 2004. http//www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/modsbook28.htmlClaris, S. (1998). Italians Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America . October 17, 2004. Boston Gale Research, Inc., 1995.http//nhs.needham.k12.ma.us/ cur/kane98/kane_p3_immig/Italian/italian.htmMintz, S. (2003). Italian Immigration. Digital History. October 17, 2004. http//www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/historyonline/italian_immigration.cfmPoholek, Catherine H. (1998) Thirteen Years That Damaged America. Prohibition in the 1920s. October 18, 2004. http//www.geocities.com/Athens/Troy/4399/Newby, Richard. (2004) Sacco-Vanzetti Case. October 18, 2004. http//www.writing.upenn.edu/afilreis/88/sacvan.html

Human Sex Trafficking Essay

Close to 800,000 people globally are forcefully travel across their countries borders and sold off to be exploited for various purposes. Most of these are teenage boys and girls including small children as young as 7. Human internal urge trafficking has been recognized as one of the major catastrophes facing mankind and a great threat to the freedoms of millions worldwide. Though immense steps restrain been taken by the international community, it is yet to be put to rest.The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime has defined human race trafficking as including the forceful transportation and harboring of individuals by character of threat or financial payments with an intention of exploiting such(prenominal) individuals. Exploitation in this sense includes at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation. (Cited in Sheldon, 2007, 107). Human sex trafficking includes the forceful initiation of people into prostitution or sex s lavery. Children are forcefully recruited into prostitution or driven into ahead of time marriages.Human sex trafficking is believed to be a multibillion industry although its expansiveness cannot be fully grasped due to the lack of a clear methodology. Though the reigning recognition is that it is a trade that mostly affects the developing countries only, this is untrue. According to the existing accounts, almost each and every country has its own elaborate but intricate musical arrangement of human sex trafficking. Influx, most of the times, is from the poor countries in Asia, Latin America and Africa then to the developed nations such as the United States.Indeed, according to the U. S. State Department, in that location are approximately 14,000 to 17,000 people trafficked into the united states annually. (Amy & Stephanie, 2008, 532) In light of these worrisome trends and much pressure from human rights activists, international organizations as well as governments give birth all stepped up efforts to curb the menace. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime has led the path in this war and a number of high flanking countries have joined these efforts.The United States, due to immense pressure form human rights activists and non-governmental organization, responded swiftly and at the close of the century began pushing other nations to adopt anti- human trafficking laws and policies. The passage of the Victims Protection Act of 2000 led to the establishment of a three tier system that ranks countries in regard to the perceived rates of human trafficking. outside(a) organizations such as Office of the Special Representative for Combating the Traffic of Human Beings has been hailed for the major steps it has taken in combating human trafficking in Europe.Indeed, in addendum to the United States, EU has also spearheaded campaigns aimed at eradicating human trafficking both in its territory and overseas. In 2002, for example, EU reached an agreement to harmonize the policies of the member states in areas such as criminalization, penalties, sanctions, aggravating circumstances, jurisdictions, and extradition. (Kimberley, 2007, 46). These nations as well as other international organization have vowed to work together with the source countries to help them establish heady mechanisms of curbing human trafficking.Indeed the issue of human sex trafficking continue to plague the world and mechanisms are still being put into place to mollify the situation. It is a hassle that threatens freedoms of millions worldwide be it in the developed countries which are the destination of the victims or the poverty stricken countries where women and children are sourced from. It is hence a problem that requires a multifaceted approach that has to incorporate all the regions if the situation is to be effectively curbed.

Bartolome de las Casas: The Devastation of the Indies

The Devastation of the In ease ups and was a friar who became famous because he defended the rights of the Indians. He took a brave stand against the horrors and cruel full-blooded Spaniards, citeing he didnt understanding of how God could allow the innocent Indians to suffer. In his document De lass Cases gave his views of the nature and character of the Indians, of the Spanish, and of the Spanish treatment of Indians. De Sis Cases record about the Indians that they dont have malice or bitterness, they atomic number 18 humble, patient and peaceable.Physical they cant work hard because they are weak and get sick easily. They dont wont to possess temporal goods and they are not greedy . He says what they really want Is that they just want to learn and Just to learn about God and that they are ardor and they have goodness of nature. The Spaniards nature, according to De lass Cases, Is they dont have compassion for anybody they are cruel and blood thirsty people who treat much bett er horses and cattle than a people, and also they are destroying an infinite number of souls and they are just doing it because they are greedy and want to became rich and to acquire De lass Cases views of theSpaniards treatment of Indians was that they display case of people they call them as beast because is what they earn all buy their actions that they took, a Capitan order to struggle this Indian nobles just because they disturbed the Capitan sleep because they are screaming, and the person how order the Capitan to executioner did not obey the order that he give you, the Capitan decide to burn them slowly and watch them die.But Hatter comes from Cuba Just to say them that the Christians are coming he Just say this Just for those that are following him The Spanish Capitan he convert as an enemy of the hu homosexual race, what he do Is that e put a dog as a security so they can escape or try something, the Indians make a mistake they kill some Christians so the Spanish Capitan he take this act us a revenge so every Christian that they die there goanna kill o mother thousand Indians hatter comes from far away to Cuba to protect the Indians and to fight with them one of the Indians say is that they been struggle them and kill them take just because they dont want be part of them and follow there God hatter say that part of his followers are coming from Haiti , past they go to key out the god the Christians and what happen is hat there was a basket cover a bunch of Jewelry and gold and what they discovered is that if they despaired the gold there goanna leave alone everything and there goanna stop kill them off so they took the basket and they flung In the river.Then they captured hatter and they kill him Just because he defend those Indians from the cruel and blooding Christians so they buttoned him to the shake so a friar come to him and he say that he is going to hell just because he didnt be part of the Christian faith go to hell in still of going t o heaven because a real God dont not permit. The inclusion is that Bartholomew De lass cases was a man how fight for Justice because there were been cruel with the Indians because they refuse to believe in god so that why they want to kill them of . They couldnt defend them self and then later on the Capitan he made a rules if they kill one Christian there going to kill a thousand Indians so they capture a lot of Indians and they struggle them , with these infernal methods of tyranny they debase and weaken countless numbers of Indians , when Hatter hear about how there been treading the Indians he proneness to stand for them ,but later on they capture him and they kill him.

What Is Bibliotheraphy

What is Bibliotherapy? * Bibliotherapy the use of literature to help volume cope with stimulated occupations, mental illness, or switch overs in their lives or to wee affective change and promote individual(prenominal)ity growth and study. * The underlying premise of bibliotherapy is that guests identify with literary characters connatural to themselves, an association that helps the nodes release emotions, gain clean directions in life, and explore new ways of interacting * E. g. Teen board readers may feel relief that they argon not the only ones facing a specific problem. They learn vicariously how to solve their problems by reflecting on how the characters in the control solve theirs Some approaches in Bibliotherapy * Traditional bibliotherapy * Tended to be more defendive * Focused on getting individuals to react positively or negatively to the reading material. * Therapeutic influence * More interactive one the reader becomes p craft of the unfolding intellectual a nd mad process of the story, and in fight to understand what is cosmos communicated at the deepest levels, the reader responds by making a positive alternation or modification in behavior or position. synergistic bibliotherapy * care them reflect on what they read, such as group discussion and dialogue journal writing. * In clinical bibliotherapy and bibliocounseling * Skilled practitioners use healing(p) methods to help individuals experiencing weighty emotional problems. * Developmental bibliotherapy * Classroom teachers are more likely to use this method * Involves helping students in their normal health and development * Advantage teachers rotter identify the concerns of their students and solicit the issues before problems arise. Students laughingstock also be guided through with(predicate) predictable interprets of adolescence Basic stages in Bibliotherapy Generally, activities in bibliotherapy are designed to * turn in information * provide insight * stimulate discussion about problems * communicate new value and attitudes * create awareness that other populate contract similar problems * provide realistic solutions to problems Four basic stages identification, selection, presentation, and down. * First two stages the clients needs must(prenominal) be identified, and appropriate books selected to match their particular problems. The books must then be presented carefully and strategically so that the clients are able to see similarities between themselves and the book characters. * Once the clients stop identify with the main character, they image the follow up stage during which they share what they have gained. * They express catharsis verbally in discussion or writing, or nonverbal means such as art, role-playing, creative problem solving, or self-selected options for students to pursue individually * Once catharsis has occurred, the clients shag be guided to gain insight into the problem. Catharsis the process purgative st rong emotions through particular activities or experience) Benefits and limitations of Bibliotherapy * BENEFITS * Provides the opportunity for the participants to recognize and understand themselves, their characteristics, and the complexity of human thought and behavior. * Promote social development as healthful as the have it off of literature in general, and reading in particular. * Reduces feelings of isolation that may be felt by people with problems. * LIMITATIONS * Availability of materials on original topics Lack of client readiness and willingness to read. * Clients may also project their own motives onto characters and thus reinforce their own perceptions and solutions participants may be defensive * Facilitators may have limited fellowship of human development and developmental problems, and inadequate knowledge about appropriate literature. * Clients may be unwilling to discuss areas that are ill at ease(predicate) * Facilitators may swan on making a point at the clients expense. http//www. cyc-net. org/cyc-online/cycol-0105-biblio. html Selection of booksWhen choosing stories for bibliotherapy thither are specific criteria * The childs emotional and chronological age should be taken into account * The librarian should know the material * It should be related to the childs circumstances and feelings * Illustrations should be draw in and colourful. * Characters should model rosy adaptation patterns * There should be a character suitable for identification. * The hero in the story should also be portrayed realistically, for spokesperson s/he must have feelings such as uncertainty, fear and anger.S/he must portray unacceptable behaviour such as being naughty, while people still accept him/her. * There should be other characters in the story that are more or less the same as those in the clients situation * The librarian should know the clients reading ability * In using bibliotherapy with small groups of children, the same principles of boo k selection * both books selected will be suited for all group members. BIBLIOTHERAPY THREE STAGES of BIBLIOTHERAPY 1. IDENTIFICATION.The child identifies with a character, a story line, SOMETHING in the book that catches their attention. This identification (discovery) can be by the child, or staged by the therapist or teacher. 2. CATHARSIS. The child is able to release emotions when he/she becomes emotionally referd in the story. The schoolroom or office provides a safe place for the child to release (in a classroom, make sure to guard the childs privacy and confidentiality). The child can release both of several ways, such as discussion, art work, music . . 3. INSIGHT. With the therapists help, the child can come to possible solutions to their problem. Or sometimes, there is no solution, entirely coping strategies can be suggested and goals made. The books suggested solution or coping strategies can be used, if appropriate. BIBLIOTHERAPYcan be done in group settings or with individuals alone. Books that address problems common to childhood can be read to groups, even when there arent both apparent problems. Sometimes a group reading can untied discussion and wear issues.WhileBIBLIOTHERAPYis a good way for children to release pent-up emotions, it should not be considered a cure. Deep psychological problems cant be resolved or even handled in a classroom setting these need to be addressed in more intense therapy. HOW TO USE BIBLIOTHERAPY (yahoo) 1. Identify your childrens needs through observation, parent conferences, classwork, prescribed records, etc. 2. Match the problems with the appropriate books. Make sure that the book is appropriate for the childs reading level and maturity. 3.Decide on the settings and time for the therapy, and how you will familiarize it to the student. 4. Design follow-up activities after the reading. 5. Motivate the child with introductory activities. 6. Engage in the reading, viewing, or listening phase. Ask leading questions. 7. Take a utter for reflection. 8. Introduce follow-up activities retelling of the story in-depth discussion of the book art activities creative writing dramatic activities 9. Discussion and possible solution finding. http//www. catherineshafer. com/biblio. html Developmental Interactive Bibliotherapy Bibliotherapy is generally outlined as the use of literature to promote mental health * Bibliotherapy has been found effective for a number of domains, such as attitude change, self- apprehension development, fear reduction, problem-solving ability, prosocial behavior, values development, and interpersonal relationship. * Bibliotherapy can offer a wealth of resources not only for problem-centered interventions but also for classroom guidance. Childrens Social-Emotional Development * The concept of emotional cognizance has been widespread in recent educational literature. Emotional intelligence involves the ability to perceive accurately, appraise, and express emotion the ability to access and/or generate feelings when they expedite thought the ability to understand emotion and emotional knowledge and the ability to regulate emotions to promote emotional and intellectual growth. (p. 10) * Even in the reading lessons that involve only engaging stories, children can learn about how the characters feel and how the characters perform in response to such feelings. * Children learn these social-emotional skills through conglomerate medium, such as, literature, art programs, music, and so on. Lang (1998) suggested that a curriculum of social-emotional development should generally cover a wide range of issues. It should involve a concern for the personal and social development. The Transactional example of Stress * People also differ in their coping patterns. * Emotion-focused coping avoidance, minimization, distancing, selective attention, and positive comparisons, are likely to occur when there is nothing that can be done to modify harmful, or threate ning conditions. * Problem-focused coping amenable to change. * No single strategy that is considered inherently better than any other. Transactional model suggests that to dissolvent in emotions and to cope appropriately with the realities of the situation we are facing, we need to appraise correctly. * the concepts of appraisal and coping to the elementary school students is through childrens literature pertaining to trying plots and various forms of coping processes and strategies were selected and analyzed Educational Importance of this Study * School counselors to use literature as a method for nurturing childrens social and emotional development. Facilitate discussions with good tint in interactive bibliotherapy, professional skills including active listening, clarification of content, and reflection of feeling are crucial. * Select quality literature-counselors need to rotate their collections in various stories pertaining critical issues to childrens social-emotional d evelopment at each stage. * Useful to collaborate with other practitioners, such as media specialists, classroom teachers, librarians, and parents. In addition, further knowledge for selecting childrens literature is especially needed.What Is BibliotheraphyWhat is Bibliotherapy? * Bibliotherapy the use of literature to help people cope with emotional problems, mental illness, or changes in their lives or to produce affective change and promote personality growth and development. * The underlying premise of bibliotherapy is that clients identify with literary characters similar to themselves, an association that helps the clients release emotions, gain new directions in life, and explore new ways of interacting * E. g. Teenage readers may feel relief that they are not the only ones facing a specific problem. They learn vicariously how to solve their problems by reflecting on how the characters in the book solve theirs Some approaches in Bibliotherapy * Traditional bibliotherapy * T ended to be more reactive * Focused on getting individuals to react positively or negatively to the reading material. * Therapeutic process * More interactive one the reader becomes part of the unfolding intellectual and emotional process of the story, and in struggling to understand what is being communicated at the deepest levels, the reader responds by making a positive alternation or modification in behavior or attitude. Interactive bibliotherapy * Help them reflect on what they read, such as group discussion and dialogue journal writing. * In clinical bibliotherapy and bibliocounseling * Skilled practitioners use therapeutic methods to help individuals experiencing serious emotional problems. * Developmental bibliotherapy * Classroom teachers are more likely to use this method * Involves helping students in their normal health and development * Advantage teachers can identify the concerns of their students and address the issues before problems arise. Students can also be guid ed through predictable stages of adolescence Basic stages in Bibliotherapy Generally, activities in bibliotherapy are designed to * provide information * provide insight * stimulate discussion about problems * communicate new values and attitudes * create awareness that other people have similar problems * provide realistic solutions to problems Four basic stages identification, selection, presentation, and follow-up. * First two stages the clients needs must be identified, and appropriate books selected to match their particular problems. The books must then be presented carefully and strategically so that the clients are able to see similarities between themselves and the book characters. * Once the clients can identify with the main character, they enter the follow-up stage during which they share what they have gained. * They express catharsis verbally in discussion or writing, or nonverbal means such as art, role-playing, creative problem solving, or self-selected options for students to pursue individually * Once catharsis has occurred, the clients can be guided to gain insight into the problem. Catharsis the process releasing strong emotions through particular activities or experience) Benefits and limitations of Bibliotherapy * BENEFITS * Provides the opportunity for the participants to recognize and understand themselves, their characteristics, and the complexity of human thought and behavior. * Promote social development as well as the love of literature in general, and reading in particular. * Reduces feelings of isolation that may be felt by people with problems. * LIMITATIONS * Availability of materials on certain topics Lack of client readiness and willingness to read. * Clients may also project their own motives onto characters and thus reinforce their own perceptions and solutions participants may be defensive * Facilitators may have limited knowledge of human development and developmental problems, and inadequate knowledge about appropriate literature. * Clients may be unwilling to discuss areas that are uncomfortable * Facilitators may insist on making a point at the clients expense. http//www. cyc-net. org/cyc-online/cycol-0105-biblio. html Selection of booksWhen choosing stories for bibliotherapy there are specific criteria * The childs emotional and chronological age should be taken into account * The librarian should know the material * It should be related to the childs circumstances and feelings * Illustrations should be clear and colourful. * Characters should model healthy adaptation patterns * There should be a character suitable for identification. * The hero in the story should also be portrayed realistically, for instance s/he must have feelings such as uncertainty, fear and anger.S/he must portray unacceptable behaviour such as being naughty, while people still accept him/her. * There should be other characters in the story that are more or less the same as those in the clients situation * The librarian should know the clients reading ability * In using bibliotherapy with small groups of children, the same principles of book selection * Any books selected will be suited for all group members. BIBLIOTHERAPY THREE STAGES of BIBLIOTHERAPY 1. IDENTIFICATION.The child identifies with a character, a story line, SOMETHING in the book that catches their attention. This identification (discovery) can be by the child, or staged by the therapist or teacher. 2. CATHARSIS. The child is able to release emotions when he/she becomes emotionally involved in the story. The classroom or office provides a safe place for the child to release (in a classroom, make sure to guard the childs privacy and confidentiality). The child can release any of several ways, such as discussion, art work, music . . 3. INSIGHT. With the therapists help, the child can come to possible solutions to their problem. Or sometimes, there is no solution, but coping strategies can be suggested and goals made. The books suggeste d solution or coping strategies can be used, if appropriate. BIBLIOTHERAPYcan be done in group settings or with individuals alone. Books that address problems common to childhood can be read to groups, even when there arent any apparent problems. Sometimes a group reading can open discussion and reveal issues.WhileBIBLIOTHERAPYis a good way for children to release pent-up emotions, it should not be considered a cure. Deep psychological problems cant be resolved or even handled in a classroom setting these need to be addressed in more intense therapy. HOW TO USE BIBLIOTHERAPY (yahoo) 1. Identify your childrens needs through observation, parent conferences, classwork, official records, etc. 2. Match the problems with the appropriate books. Make sure that the book is appropriate for the childs reading level and maturity. 3.Decide on the settings and time for the therapy, and how you will introduce it to the student. 4. Design follow-up activities after the reading. 5. Motivate the c hild with introductory activities. 6. Engage in the reading, viewing, or listening phase. Ask leading questions. 7. Take a break for reflection. 8. Introduce follow-up activities retelling of the story in-depth discussion of the book art activities creative writing dramatic activities 9. Discussion and possible solution finding. http//www. catherineshafer. com/biblio. html Developmental Interactive Bibliotherapy Bibliotherapy is generally defined as the use of literature to promote mental health * Bibliotherapy has been found effective for a number of domains, such as attitude change, self-concept development, fear reduction, problem-solving ability, prosocial behavior, values development, and interpersonal relationship. * Bibliotherapy can offer a wealth of resources not only for problem-centered interventions but also for classroom guidance. Childrens Social-Emotional Development * The concept of emotional intelligence has been widespread in recent educational literature. Emotion al intelligence involves the ability to perceive accurately, appraise, and express emotion the ability to access and/or generate feelings when they facilitate thought the ability to understand emotion and emotional knowledge and the ability to regulate emotions to promote emotional and intellectual growth. (p. 10) * Even in the reading lessons that involve only engaging stories, children can learn about how the characters feel and how the characters perform in response to such feelings. * Children learn these social-emotional skills through various medium, such as, literature, art programs, music, and so on. Lang (1998) suggested that a curriculum of social-emotional development should generally cover a wide range of issues. It should involve a concern for the personal and social development. The Transactional Model of Stress * People also differ in their coping patterns. * Emotion-focused coping avoidance, minimization, distancing, selective attention, and positive comparisons, ar e likely to occur when there is nothing that can be done to modify harmful, or threatening conditions. * Problem-focused coping amenable to change. * No single strategy that is considered inherently better than any other. Transactional model suggests that to result in emotions and to cope appropriately with the realities of the situation we are facing, we need to appraise correctly. * the concepts of appraisal and coping to the elementary school students is through childrens literature pertaining to stressful plots and various forms of coping processes and strategies were selected and analyzed Educational Importance of this Study * School counselors to use literature as a method for nurturing childrens social and emotional development. Facilitate discussions with good quality in interactive bibliotherapy, professional skills including active listening, clarification of content, and reflection of feeling are crucial. * Select quality literature-counselors need to expand their colle ctions in various stories pertaining critical issues to childrens social-emotional development at each stage. * Useful to collaborate with other practitioners, such as media specialists, classroom teachers, librarians, and parents. In addition, further knowledge for selecting childrens literature is especially needed.

Discuss Ethical Issues in the Use of Non-Human Animals in Research in Psychology (15 Marks)

Animal testing became a vital feature of psychological research in the 1800s, as it was more economic and quick way of testing hypothesis on living worlds. Due to an increase in sometimes cruel animal research, in 1986 the BPS describe the UK animals (scientific procedures) act. This act laid come push through of the closet measures to be considered when licensing of animal research was being sought. Some of these criteria were benefits to outweigh the costs, minimum possible amount of animals to be used and mice atomic number 18 preferred over animals such as monkeys or horses.Although there is legislation in place to prevent throe to animals, Dunnayer (2002) states that making something legal doesnt achieve it right. It its leaning towards the notion that legislation simply serves to set standards involving the imprisonment, torturing and killing of defenceless animals. Animal testing gains a lot of attention in the media for being unethical and unfair towards animals that do not have their own voice to be heard.One advantage of animal testing is that it is possible to carry out procedures on other species that simply would not be allowed on humans. Examples include Bradys executive monkey, Morgans hamsters, Pavlovs dogs etc. This is because humans are seen as having more ethical rights than animals due to the Marxist view that homo-sapiens contribute towards society whereas animals do not. Another point is that generations of animals lav be studied in a relatively short period of time.This is beneficial when researching a drugs long term effects and want to know if it will affect offspring. Clearly, this kind of study would not be viable on humans since you could be waiting 30 years whereas rats can reproduce and reach sexual peak very quickly. Thirdly, we can draw comparisons between the causes and function of animal and human behaviour due to the similarity of our brains underlying structures of the midbrain for example are quite similar across all mammals and other biological processes.This may lead us to believe that there is continuity in function and effects imposed from external factors being manipulated will be very similar between an animal and a human. In stark contrast, generalising from one species to another is difficult. Each species has adapted to survive in its natural environments. As a result, each species has its own unique set of behaviours. Koestler (1970) referred to generalising from rats to humans as ratomorphism. He also found that morphine has a appeasement effect on humans and rats, but on cats and mice it auses mania. Ecological validity poses another problem within animal research as experiments are carried out under laboratory setting, where humans wouldnt be caged, animals are. This will inevitably cause distress to the animal and cause abnormal behaviour such as self-mutilation and pacing (Dunnayer (2002) however the UK animals procedures act does state researchers should ensure the environmen t is appropriate for the species being used and where possible a naturalistic environment should be used).Other behaviours such as mating may become inhibited like with captive pandas. Finally, animals are unable to verbalise what they are feeling. This sets human apart from other species, animals channelise limited behaviour to indicated the effects of drugs, theories etc. For example, we can understand when an animal is in pain or distressed, but not the extent to which they are suffering which may be crucial in research results. This could affect the validity of a study.

Goals of Dr. Victor Frankenstein Essay

The soul and life of piece of music is a precious thing, something not to be trifled with or experimented on without idea of the potential ramifications of doing so. Doctor Victor Frankenstein did not put much thought into the consequences of advancing the native sciences while playing God with mortals. Victor Frankenstein grew, morally, through the business of the book, Frankenstein. Initially, Victor set out to further advance instinctive science as well as cheat death. As the statement progressed, however, he began to mourning his course of action almost immediately after his monster awoke.Doctor Victor Frankenstein was young and nave he planned to discover the undiscovered. In early(a) studies you go as far as others have gone before you, and there is nothing more to know but in a scientific pursuit there is continual food for discovery and wonder (Frankenstein 35-6). Victor believed he could perform an act of God without consequence. He committed vile offenses against th e natural laws of humanity by taking pieces of the recently deceased and compiling them into one, presumably soulless, being. He failed to see the true meaning of death, to realize passing away is righteous a natural part of life and nothing can truly stop this ordinary occurrence. In the words of Derek Dawidson, Death is about moving onto another(prenominal) existence and life is trying to figure out your lifes rebirth or beginning of a life. You are to follow your path whether it is full of conquest or self destruction (Dawidson).Victor slowly began to realize his actions were immoral and crimes against humanity itself. He only realized the extensiveness of his atrocities when his monster was given the gift of life. Throughout the tale of Victor Frankenstein he slowly begins to question his actions, before finally regretting them and attempting to make amend. When he meets Robert Walton his regret is evident as is his attempt to safeguard any future tense mayhem from being com mitted.You seek for knowledge and wisdom, as I once did and I ardently hope that the gratification of your wishes many not be a serpent to sting you, as mine has been. I do not know that the relation of my disasters will be useful to you yet, when I reflect that you are pursuing the same course, exposingyourself to the same dangers which have rendered me what I am, I imagine that you may deduce an apt moral from my tale (Frankenstein 15). Victor warns Robert to be suspect of his actions and to take heed of his thirst to make new discoveries. His message to Robert is simple, insanity and obsession on a single goal only leads a man down the path of self-destruction. Victor has grown to know when to stop an obsession, however unable to do so for his own.A man playing God with his curse mortals only leads one down the path of true self-destruction. Doctor Victor Frankenstein began as a guiltless man, aiming to further increase his knowledge and love of the natural sciences. His decisi ons led to the creation of a creature, which had no equal, no mate, nothing to share its woes with. Victor discovered how wrong he was, too late to make amends for his crimes. He may have made a living thing with science, but he did not think of the ramifications his actions would have upon this poor creature.Works CitedDawidson, Derek. Online Interview. 16 Mar. 2009.Pagano, Zachary. Online Interview. 16 Mar. 2009.Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein Bantam Books. New York, New York Broadway, 1991. 15-36

President Candidates

Michael Brandenburg F. Abraham Macroeconomics 23 October 2011 Six Republican Candidates Mitt Romney solution to our unemployment crises is to have people pay for unemployment insurance policy like the pay for heath or home insurance. Then the government can use their extra money to help create extra jobs. angiotensin-converting enzyme of the things that Newt Gingrich wants to do is lower the corporation tax to make the United States more desirable. This will help companies that moved to China to come back to the USA. Michele Bachmann believes that when you put forward the minimum wage off it will create more jobs.The competitive market will increase the minimum wage on its own period providing more jobs. Rick Perry claims that stimulus money should only be used occasionally not constantly. Another thing he plans on doing is cut taxes so companies can hire more employees. Ron capital of Minnesota wants to strengthen the dollar value in such so the things we own and sell are worth more. Paul also informs us that when you decrease inflation it stabilizes the job market. Herman Cain says that people at or below the poverty line should not have to pay income tax.Also he agrees to get rid of minimum wage to promote competition between businesses. Works Cited http//www. sodahead. com/united-states/romney-workers-should-pay-their-own-unemployment-benefits/question-1388133/ http//www. lsureveille. com/bachmann-s-repeal-of-minimum-wage-will-not-fix-economy-1. 2604388 http//offthekuff. com/wp/? p=18061 http//www. nolanchart. com/article4214-ron-paul-could-fix-the-dollar. html http//www. dailykos. com/story/2011/10/21/1028782/-Herman-Cains-fix-to-his-9-9-9-plan-create-opportunity-zones-of-corporatederegulation

Developmental analysis Essay

AbstractThis project involves the developmental milestones that one takes through start support. The overall culture of this report is to give the reader the disposition that the writer has knowledge about the theories and concept of Human Growth and Development. It get out incorporate more about the development and step-up of the writer. Information from the writers mother about her move around of her pregnancy and if she had any problems with her pregnancy. There will be an explanation from the mother about developmental milestones reached. There are a few early events that took place during the writers development it will be showcased in the piece of music. Finally the conclusion of the paper will focus on the lifestyle behaviors that might influence the writers current aging process and if on that point are any issues precisely how she would address it.Keywords development, lifestyle, journey, young gravidhood, human growth, milestonesdevelopmental MilestonesDevelopmen tal milestones are important journeys that everyone takes throughout out life. Once a mother first finds out that she is big(predicate) the kidskin in which she is carrying begins to embark on their journey of life. Everyone does non reach their milestones on target or even at all. Each person is at a different st mature in their life, therefore their milestones and journey will vary, from one to the other. My particular journey and development has followed the path of Psychologist Erik Eriksons psychosocial st times of human development. I am currently between forms five and six. Stage five is identity vs. identity confusion and grade six is intimacy vs. isolation. Although I am a young adult I am hushed developing and hitting milestones on my journey of life.Mothers JourneyWhile being heavy(predicate) with me my mother speaks that she had no problem during her entire nine months of pregnancy. She did not sire any problems until delivery. She was in labor for two days. Her water was broken and at that season I stopped moving down. She did not dilate anymore. Once dilation stopped it was found that the umbilical was wrapped around my neck. Although the cord caused stress and my nerve rate to drop while in labor, it did not cause any other known complications once I was born. She was in labor for two days.MilestonesDevelopmental milestones are important in a childs life. Developmental milestones have a wide range of different functional skills that a child is able to do as they hit certain ages. Infancy and childhood are dynamic periods of growth and change (Gerber, Wilks, & Erdie-Larena, 2010). At each age a child is speculate to reach milestones in their life that would consider them as developing normal. If the child does not reach that particular milestone for their age thusly they are considered to have a developmental delay. Developmental milestones are associated with a childs revenue motor, cognitive, social, language, and fine motor skills . When a child develops their gross motor skills they are able to walk, stand, and sit. They lift up how to use their major muscle groups. When the child reaches the cognitive milestone he or she shows that they are able to decide problems, show an understanding, and reasoning skills. Developing milestones also include language.When a child embarks on certain milestones they will develop abilities such as communication skills, speaking, and body language. Learning how to interact with others, for lesson peers and family is a social developmental milestone. Milestones are important for children to reach. It is crucial to monitor and watch a child as he or she develops. Surveillance involves analyzing the milestones in the context of a childs history, growth, and physical examination findings to recognize those who may be at risk for developmental delay. A thorough understanding of the normal or typical sequence of development in all domains (gross motor, fine motor, problem-solvi ng, receptive language, expressive language, and social-emotional) allows the clinician to formulate a correct overall impression of a childs true developmental status (Gerber, Wilks, & Erdie-Larena, 2010).When a child is delayed in reaching their age milestoneparents and doctors will start to show concerns. Although it can be tough for parents worrying about if their child will meet the milestone, it is a developmental journey that is wonderful and joyous to watch.My DevelopmentErik Erikson was a psychologist who developed the psychosocial developmental stages. Erik Eriksons theory of psychosocial development is one of the best-known theories of personality in psychology. Much equal Sigmund Freud, Erikson believed that personality develops in a series of stages. Un standardised Freuds theory of psychosexual stages, Eriksons theory draw and quarters the impact of social experience across the self-colored lifespan (Cherry, 2014). Although there were other psychologists such as Sig mund Freud and Jean Piaget who had their own developmental theory, the one who I identify best with is Erik Erikson. After speaking with my parents from what they both(prenominal)(prenominal) remember I seem to hit all my developmental milestones without problems or issues.Trust vs MistrustThe first stage of psychosocial development of base trust vs. basic disbelieve, he introduces the word hope which was to become the first human strength or virtue. According to Capps (2012) trust is a sense of dependence and confidence where on the other hand mistrust is caution and uncertainty. From birth to eighteen months Erikson called this stage the trust vs. mistrust. During this time the child develops a trust for people, like their parents or caregiver. When I inquired about what signs or anything significant where I showed trust or mistrust my mother said she had the perfect story. She told me that around six months due to the military my dad had to leave for about five months. Befor e he left I was very attached to him and cried when he left my eyes. Once he left I became attached to my brothers. When he returned I no longer wanted to go to him. The best behavior to describe it is that I lost trust in him and he became a stranger to me. It did take a while but eventually I was able to trust him and no longer feared him or had a mistrust for my dad.Autonomy vs Shame and DoubtEriksons early childhood stage is known as the stages of the two and three year olds. Eriksons second stage, self-direction versus shame and self-doubt, involves the struggle for personal control and separation from others(Vogel-Scibilia, et al., 2009). In this developmental stage the child has a control over their physical skills. Best example given by my mother for this one was my potty training. Potty training was a smooth training for me. But when I made a misapprehension and went to the trick on myself I was ashamed and I was no longer proud of my accomplishments. It was just the op posite though if I did not use the bathroom on myself. I was excited and even happier when I received praise. I guess I had a sense of happiness and endeavors.Initiative vs GuiltEriksons locomotor stage happens during the ages of three through six. In this stage Erikson called it initiative vs guilt. During this period the primary feature involves the child regularly interacting with other children at school. primordial to this stage is play, as it provides children with the opportunity to explore their interpersonal skills through initiating activities (McLeod, 2008).The outcome of the locomotor stage is for the child to gain independence. The child takes initiatives which the parents will often prove to stop in order to protect the child. The child will often overstep the mark in his forcefulness and the danger is that the parents will tend to avenge the child and restrict his initiatives too much (McLeod, 2008). I can remember this time of my life, like it was yesterday. Aroun d the age of five I mat up that I would take the initiative and start pick out my own clothes and also dress myself. The night before my first day of kindergarten I picked out my clothes and could not wait to dress myself. I prepared everything I needed to be ready for the next morning.The first day I woke up eager and excited to get dress. I did everything right according to my mother, except for putting my shoes on the right foot. But the only problem with that was nada could tell me I was wrong. I was adamant about putting these shoes on the way I wanted too. My brothers tried to help me but I refused their help. My mother gave up trying and let me walk to the car with my shoes on the wrong foot. When I did make it to the car my feet were hurting and I felt ashamed and guilt. I was ashamed and embarrassed because I was wrong. I felt guilty because I would not let anyone help me and I was acting like it would kill me to let my family help me. The locomotor stage showed me and he lped me develop a sense of knowing that it is okay to ask for help. I never need or have to be too proud to gethelp with I do not understand.Industry vs InferiorityThe fourth stage is industry versus lower status and children try to hone and master culturally important skills. The achievement of these skills results in a sense of industry and the psychosocial strength of competence (Dunkel & Sefek, 2009). It focused on age six to twelve. The outcome in the latency stage is the industry vs inferiority. Erikson set this stage for the school age children. He believed that during this time school age children learn invigorated skills. They are going to learn how to deal with success or suffer with the possibility of failure. If a child is not able to learn their new task or study, they have to understand that there is a chance that failure will occur. I really cannot remember an example that occurred in this stage for me. However I do know what it is like to learn or know about failur e. At this age I was learning new things and understanding many different life lessons. I recall in the 7th grade I had to write an essay about black history month.Although I thought I knew a lot I quickly found out that I did not. In the third grade I won an booty for writing a black history essay. Well in the sixth grade I just knew that I would fall out and win again, I was sadly mistaken. I learned and improved my writing skills but I had to experience failing. I felt a sense of incompetence when I did not win. During this developmental milestone it took me awhile to learn and understand that I was not perfect and I would not succeed in everything I did and would do. But overall the journey that I took was great and I would later find out that anything I wanted to do was possible. This stage helped shape me and get me thus far.Identity vs fictitious character ConfusionAccording to Erikson, adolescence was the time when young people were given opportunities to reflect on what career they would choose, what kind of social and romantic relationships they would enter into, and what values and beliefs they would ready (Schwartz, Zamboanga, Meca, & Ritchie, 2012). The way Erikson explained the adolescence and young adult stages fits me to a tee. Even though the adolescence and young adult stage are spoken about separately they both describe me as I am right now. Erikson described the adolescence stage as the identity verses role confusion. It usually occurs during ages twelve to eighteen. At the stage the developmental goal is forthe adolescent to learn how to obtain and maintain relationships. The relationship that is developed is between the adolescent and their peers. In most cases the adolescent learns how to identify their role and identity.Intimacy vs closing off certainly the young adult stage that Erikson described is where I am suppositional to be in life. It is the developing milestone where the young adult net goal is to have a love relationshi p. It deals with ages nineteen to forty. Erik Erikson spoke of intimacy as a stage of young adulthood that everyone must negotiate, via faithfulness to commitments and hardening for sacrifice (Torrens, 2009). As a young adult you are trying to develop your relationships with your love ones. Such as your significant other. This is the time that the young adult must understand how to love or they will feel left out as if they are isolated. According to McLeod (2012) when this stage is completed successfully it will lead to a calm and relaxed relationship, a sense of commitment, and a care within the relationship. If one avoids the intimacy and isolates themselves it can and will lead to isolation, loneliness, and sometimes depression.My Current DevelopmentI find myself in between the adolescence and young adult stages. Although I feel successful at developing relationships with my peers, which is the ultimate goal of adolescence, I sleek over feel as if I have not identified exactly where I want and need to be, career wise. I am still learning myself and finding out who I am. Ever since I was in the adolescence stage I seem to have been trying to figure out my life and what it is I want to do with myself, career wise. In some moments and instances I felt as if I did not have the friends and relationships I deserve or should have. When I finished college I knew I wanted to work with the County Bureau of Investigations.When I applied and was turned down I figured that something was wrong. I was not mastering this milestone as I should have. I then started working with clients who suffer from mental disabilities. It was a just a stepping stone job that was supposed to get me through until I was able to become an investigator. Four years later I was still working with clients and not my dream job. Still press release and confused I started working at child support. I am still there to this day and feel like I am still confused and not sureexactly what I need to b e doing, as far as occupation. According to the theory of Erik Eriksons psychosocial stages I am in the young adult stage. I feel that I am not quite there with developing the intimate relationship. Although I have been in a relationship for a while I still feel like I am isolated. I have not completed this stage and still have a few years to go before I am there.Both the adolescence and young adult stages I did not succeed with ease. It is taking me longer to get through these developmental stages. The two stages are helping me to become the young woman and adult I am supposed to. It is just taking me much more time. Currently in my life I am stuck between the two. I have had several disappointments and mistakes in both stages. I have associated myself with the wrong crowd to now working with individuals who want something in life and I feel can help me succeed. I am still a work in process.Spiritual DevelopmentThe inattentiveness to spiritual development in the mainstream social s ciences can be graphically illustrated in the study of development psychology (Roehlkepartain, Benson, King, & Wagener, 2005). Spiritual development takes time to understand. Therefore when it comes to the younger adults it is important for them to understand and form their own spiritual opinions. I have never been a big person on spirituality or religion. Overtime I have started to understand, believe, and accept my spiritual development. Spiritual development is a physiological and psychological movement in ones life. For me I am growing stronger mentally. Being spiritually developed relieves a person of stabbing toxins. A person is able to become healthier and stronger. Although I have begun the process of developing spiritually, I am far from there. I have a lot of hurdles to climb before I am able to say that I have developed spiritually. But grow in grace, and in the knowledge of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. To Him be glory both and forever 2 Peter 318ConclusionIn concl usion, developmental milestones are important for everyone. Everyone is not going to make it through all the milestones with ease. There will be bumps and bruises along the way. Even though Erik Erikson psychosocial best describes me there are other psychologist that one may feel more connectedtoo. Eriksons stages explain my journey and I am able to see my way through.ReferencesCapps, D. (2012). Eriksons schedule of human strengths and the childhood origins of the resourceful self. Pastoral Psychology, 61(3), 269-283. Cherry, Kendra. (2014). Eriksons Theory of Psychosocial Development. Psychology. Dunkel , C. S. Sefcek , J. A. (2009). Eriksonian lifespan theory and life history theory an integration utilise the example of identity formation. Rev Gen Psychol 2009 1313-23. Gerber, J., Wilks, T., & Erdie-Larena, C. (2010). Developmental Milestones Motor Development. Pediatrics in Review, 267-277. McLeod, S. (2008). Erik Erikson. Review of Psychology.Roehlkepartan, E. C., Benson, P., K ing, P., & Wagener, L. (2005). Spiritual Development in Spiritual Development in Moving to the Scientific Mainstream. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publishing. Schwartz, S. J., Zamboanga, B. L., Meca, A., & Ritchie, R. A. (2012). Identity around the world An overview. New Directions For Child & Adolescent Development, 2012(138), 1-18. Torrens, J. (2009). Soul-Sharing. Human Development, 30(4), 22-24. Vogel-Scibilia, S., McNulty, K., Baxter, B., Miller, S., Dine, M., & Frese, F. (2009). The Recovery Process Utilizing Eriksons Stages of Human Development. Community Mental Health Journal, 405-414.

Spikes Volleyball Court

1) Perform a line of credit Sizeup Spikes Indoor Beach Volleyball and Rock Climbing Inc. caters to a niche grocery in the Canadian sports industry. As there were no indoor beach volleyball courts in Canada, Spikes approach little competition. The volleyball crazed locality of London, Ontario provided the perfect geographical location for the operations of Spikes. In growth to indoor beach volleyball courts, Spikes had in any case added an indoor rock climbing wall, a small restaurant with a bar, and had also upgraded the lighting, heating system, computer servers and had added a big-screen television in the lounge area.Spikes did face more or less competition in the rock-climbing wall division as there were 2 other competitors in the locality who offered similar services at comparable rates. Holistically speaking, the business enterprise was doing immensely well and faced little or no environmental threat apart from the fact that the premises was not owned by the business i tself. It was removed from another person and was constantly at find of zoning laws banning the establishment, as it was denominate as a high intensity residential area.This meant that the lock owner could cancel Spikes lease at any reasonable notice and nominate high-rise apartment buildings in its place however Spikes reason that since there was no pressure from the neighborhood he would not face too much risk in this regard. As it is, the cost of a potential lease cancellation cannot be quantified and will affect the leaving concern of the business. Apart from that the business is in a very healthy condition, having nigh 130 regular teams per season that feed its main operations i. e. olleyball and Spikes has engineered various complementary services to squeeze more taxation break(a) of its main operations which is mainly the restaurant bar and rock-climbing wall. 2) Analyze the blowup qualitatively. The main excogitation of Misener was to encourage more people to s tay after volleyball matches and games via the asidedoor bench. Additionally the outdoor patio would be directly over the new outdoor beach volleyball court hence would shit an area for the audience to sit, enjoy a match along with some drinks and refreshments which eventually will add-on revenues and popularity.Having a 200 person capacity will provide enough room for spectators to enjoy a match without any congestion. Additionally, Misener has estimated that there will be 95 good weather daytimes out of cxx days per season during which the patio can be open which implies an efficiency of around 80%. Having an extra court meant that four matches can be conducted per day meaning that Spikes can cater to around 8 more teams on a daily basis which will growth their operating revenues.The ruination of constructing this patio was that Misener was already facing a risk of his lease being cancelled and if the business were to construct an outdoor patio, residential complaints might increase as it will cause noise disturbance as well as littering from the patio. Spikes was in no position to face residential complaints as it could push his lease towards cancellation and he would have to grade another suitable premises to operate from which could essentially destroy his business.Lastly, the estimates provided by Misener are very optimistic and would require analysis from different projections to ensure that the expansion does remain workable in all possible scenarios. 3) List all the property flows associated with the expansion, and classify them as relevant ( coin, afterlife and different), recurring or one-time costs. Cash Flow Relevant Recurring or one time? incremental bar revenue Yes, Future coin flows Recurring Incremental food revenue Yes, Future cash flows Recurring Additional league fees Yes, Future cash flows Recurring Beverage COGS Not relevant N/AFood COGS Not relevant N/A 5 days food stock-taking Only applicable as a change in Net Working ence inte which is reasonable for first course of study only virtuoso season 5 days liquor inventory One sequence Accounts payable One Time Accounts receivable No change in AR N/A Servers Yes, Future cash flows Recurring Bartender Yes, Future cash flows Recurring Cooks No particular cooks are hired N/A alimentation Yes, Future cash flows Recurring Utilities Yes, Future cash flows Recurring Insurance Yes, Future cash flows RecurringNets & Balls All of these cash flows fall under Capital Expenditure made in the first year, hence only relevant for first year. One Time Retaining Wall/Fencing One Time Zoning & Permits One Time Stairway One Time Patio Furniture One Time Washroom One Time Amortization Yes, till end of usable life Recurring Bank Loan Not relevant N/A Interest Yes, for 2 years Recurring for 2 years 4) Perform a differential analysis, with sensitivity analysis where necessary. What is the come down on investment?What is the payback period? In the attached file, the re are calculations of relevant cash flows and their different impacts on the expansion analysis. The capital expenditure of the first year comes out to be close $43,500 which is financed via a 6% impart with calendar monthly payments. Amortization of $9,300 per year will be charged to discredit the capital expenditure which yields a tax shield (20% tax) of $1,860 annually. The per month interest payment comes out to be $1,927. 95 and the entire loan will be paid off in two years.As a result, the annual interest tax shield comes out to be $4,627. 1 for the two years during which the loan is active. The first incremental revenue will come from 8 additional teams playing per day in the new outdoor court. Charging a per season fee of $650 per team, the total increment in revenue from increase teams is calculated to be $15,600 per year. According to Misener, due to the rooftop patio, liquor sales will increase to $6000 a day implying a $3000 revenue increase per day. Assuming 95 days in a season of 120 days during which the patio will be open and active.As there are 3 seasons in a year the total incremental revenue comes out to be about $427,500 of profit per year. Applying similar calculations to the increase in food sales of $1000 per day yields Spikes additional profit of $99,750 per year. As these are lucre before taxes, the company will need to pay taxes which are a cash outflow. Assuming a 20% tax rate, the annual tax payable from incremental revenue comes out to be $108,570. in that respect will be some incremental operating expenses which are a direct consequence of political campaign the patio.Firstly 2 additional servers will be hired for 8 hours a day at $8. 5 per hour and another bartender will be hired for 8 hours a day at $10 per hour. This comes out to about $61,560 per year after considering the 95 operating days per season assumption. Maintenance and Utilities will be paid at $500 a month and $200 a month which yields $8,400 for the whole ye ar. Insurance will increase by 10% per year which, after considering last years insurance of $12,225, comes out to be $1222. 5.The bar will have to keep inventory of pot likker and food of 5 days and will pay back the suppliers in 10 days which will decrease our net working capital by $10,750 (calculations in excel). Totaling the above will yield us the differential annual cash flows for the expansion. The cost of uprightness for Spikes, after searching through comparable entities, comes out to be about 15%. The ratio of debt to value of the expansion is calculated to be 10. 26% which yields equity to value ratio of 89. 74%.The cost of debt is 6% as stated earlier after plugging these determine into the formula for charge average cost of capital, the WACC comes out to be 14. 08%. Using the above calculated weighted average cost of capital, the terminal value of cash flows for the expansion calculated is $2,592,710. 76. As a result, cash flows for the entire life of the project a re calculated and the NPV of the project comes out to be $2,647,878. 40 indicating the expansion will create value of over $2 million. The payback period is less than a year, around 34 days as incremental revenues are vast and the initial outlay is only $43,500.The bring to on investment, more commonly known as internal rate of return or IRR, comes out to be 872%. 5) As Earl Misener, would you go ahead with the expansion? Earl Misener should not go only by the be which seem too good to be professedly. In fact, they are too good to be true as one critical factor has not been quantified i. e. the potential risk of losing the lease due to the expansion. If Misener loses the lease then not only will the expansion be redundant, he will have to locate his business elsewhere which for a business like Spikes will spell certain death.The location is deluxe as it is situated away from competitors who lower competitive risk and is located near residential areas reservation it easier for h is customers to commute to Spikes. As Earl Misener, he should analyze his fall-back plans and strategies on how to ensure the lease does not get cancelled. If possible, Earl should also try to buy the premises instead of relying on a lease. In my opinion, it is too soon to exaggerate and Earl should solve the lease problem before expanding.

Nike Incorporation

Nike is a humanness class familiarity that frames and markets a wide large of sports equipments such(prenominal) as sports, balls, t-shirts, tracks, uniforms for various sporting activities such as football game, basketball, athletics, cricket, tennis and golf. The caller-up was in incorporated in the year 1968 in the state of Oregon, it main business existence to design and manufacture the best foot wear and other accessory products. plainly, Nike has grown to be a world class corporation that sells well branded and expensive products that atomic number 18 well known for their richly quality. Nike trademark of middling do it is well known, and it relates to the sporting spirit. The phoner has much than 500 plants in more(prenominal) than 45 countries.1Nike did not experience much competition until in 1980s and 90s when Reebok and European counterparts Adidas and Puma entered the market. But Reebok was purchased by Adidas in 2006 thus Adidas is the one giving Nike comp etition. Nike has been the main player on the footwear market until then, the attach to controlled about 30% of the United States market, Reebok enjoyed about 20% followed by other companies like Adidas and Puma. Nikes oversea sales went up to $2 billion by 1995 and were leading by having 40% of total sales in footwear. 2The marketing strategy of Nike has been the biggest success of the comp any(prenominal). Nike has premium brands, and offers the market mettlesome quality and expensive products. The company draws a brand image which is achieved by the unique logo of a (tick) and a slogan of just do it which attracts lots of customers. The company alike does promotional activities of its products by entering into sponsorship deals with world class football stars, celebrity athletes, subject field police squads, and also college athletic.Nevertheless Nike has mixed it marketing strategies and has more elements more than promotion. This other elements be competitive price, wi de range of products, numerous outlets and retailers (more than 20,000), sponsorship and promotion activities. Currently, Nike has a market share of around 37% in the world. The main objective of Nike is to become a leading sport equipment manufacturer in the world and maintain these standards in future.The major client base is the youth and the young adults who mainly buy the sports products from the company. The company has put a lot of attention on products for men, women, and children, and their childrens shoes are now doing in truth well on the market currently. The company has created more market by venturing into various market segments and manufacturing more various products. To achieve its objective of being the leader in market business the company is exploiting parvenu markets outside Europe.Nike has also managed to control its market by acquiring other small companies and turning them to manufacture their products. Like in 1998 its purchased Cole Hann which was making i nformal dress and shoes for $180 and cached a base of young people and their sales went up at 23% making a expediency of $ 100 millions in 1998. Nike has continued to improve in its brand and marketing and its objective of being the superior sports and fitness company in the world alongside world class companies like Coca-Cola.Nike gets contracts with individual clients, befriend clients and even countries and states. The company supplies to them different products, they can be football uniform for a national team, tracksuits for national athletic teams or even tailor made shoes or uniform for specific football stars such as Ranaldhno of Brazil. 3The market is divided in various segments which can be viewed according to the neighbourhoodThere have been many challenges faced by Nike on the marketing side and Nike has done a lot of to recapture the market. These initiatives that Nike undertook was such as creating an ACG (all- conditions gear) unit and Techlab which was meant to m arket a brand of sports technology products. much(prenominal) like digital audio player and waist compass these projects were meant to capture sales. In the beginning of 1999 Nike launched its products on the internet and they were directly available to the customers. Nike has continued to expand its market and with a strong marketing team lead by Mr. Perez who has vast experience, the company in 2004, posted profits of more than $1 billion. 4The company has a high team of human resources managers who are responsible for building a workforce which is impelling and efficient. This managers build teams develop the necessary talents that are seriously needed by the organization to perform their duties. The managers also inspire, mentor, set examples, innovate and revolutionize all the employees in order to achieve the best from them. The employees also experience refresher courses seminars and training to keep them in touch with new market trends and technological advancements.In universal the public attitude towards the company is good, but the people of Beaverton where the company feel that it should be annexed fro where its headquarters are in Oregon State. But the company feels that the annexing will cost it $700,000 every year in footing of added taxes.The company objective is achieved through proper marketing and advancement in technology by creating high quality products and designing better management approaches to maintain the market. Another aspect the company has done is to create better functional conditions and customer relationships as from 2002 Nike addressed the issues of employees exploitations and carried out random company inspections to check the working conditions of its employment. 5 Nike has training programmers to train its employees and advance them with the current market needs.Another thing that the company is involvement in is to improve its company image by getting involved in corporate social responsibilities. The company thus contributions to charities organizations and also organizes social activities for the society, and sponsors individuals and persons. This has greatly improved its image. Nike is also one of the most environmental companionate companies. And this has a very positive image in the eyes of the public which has become much environmental aware.ConclusionNike is a big organization that commands a large market in the world. It is apparent that to maintains such a market by investing a lot in marketing and research so that it can satisfy its customers and keep up with new trends on the market. Better management skills and quality products are the main ingredient for success for any company.Many obstacles in marketing and management come up to challenge the company including stiff competition. But it is clear that with well and timely adjustments in marketing and advancement in technology and being to be innovative the company has managed to capture and maintain its markets. Therefore for a ny company to remain profitable and impressive its must embrace prudent management and better technology.ReferencesCollingwood, H. (1988) Nike Rushes in Where Reebok utilize to Tread Business Week, October 3, p. 42.Holmes, S. and Christine, T. (2002) How Nike Got Its Game Back Business Week, November 4, pp. 129-31.Jenkins, H. W. (1998) The Rise and Stumble of Nike Wall street Journal, June 3,1 Jenkins, H. W. (1998) The Rise and Stumble of Nike Wall Street Journal, June 3, 2 Collingwood, H. (1988) Nike Rushes in Where Reebok Used to Tread Business Week, October 3, p. 42. 3 Collingwood, H. (1988) Nike Rushes in Where Reebok Used to Tread Business Week, October 3, p. 42. 4 Holmes, S. and Christine, T. (2002) How Nike Got Its Game Back Business Week, November 4, pp. 129-31. 5 Collingwood, H. (1988) Nike Rushes in Where Reebok Used to Tread Business Week, October 3, p. 42.

Karl Marx’ views Essay

For Karl Marx, poverty is the outcome of the rampant class inequality that the society is suffering today. The working(a) class, whom Karl Marx advocates, is the ones who are actually earning the money for the society (Nafziger & Auvinen, 2003). They are the ones who actually deserve to get much of the gains, sooner those who are capitalizing from their labor. Marx stressed that capitalists are the ones bringing disarray in the society because they are actually alter lesser work as compared to the laborers, yet they are acquire most of the gains.In order to sic this, Marx strongly advocated the abolishing of capitalism and replaces it with communism. For him, it could be a way to alleviate poverty in the society today, kind of than just letting the capitalists sit around and wait for the harvest of their moneys fruit, rather than full-grown the laborers the real fruits of their labors. In Marx belief, capitalism has been the root of the large(p) class divide, the widening gap between antithetic social strata, where the poor and the fertile are distinctively apart from each otherwise.This is because of the fact that a great part of the gains goes to the pockets and the bellies of the capitalists, who are theoretically getting even richer, the fact that they are the ones who have the money. On the other hand, the laborers, the ones who are exerting greater effort as compared to these capitalists, are not getting anywhere the definition of rich at all, hence, they are having the difficulty to cope with the increasing cost of living, thus worsening their status, with them experiencing the poor is getting poorer part.Looking closely at Marx ideas, you could see that it could also be about freedom. It is being able to freely produce and receive what is rightfully yours, as for the part of the laborers, for their efforts, their problematical work to be reciprocated with enough digest (Kohl & Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Developme nt Centre. , 2003).It is about how the true money-earners the laborers, be able to control various mickle that could benefit them, and not the capitalists. They will be able to create a free society where their hard work will be equal to a good life for them and their families. Because of this, the society will be a better place as conceived by Marx. It will be an exploitation-free society, in the same magazine it will do away with oppression, racism, unemployment, war, from poverty and inequality.

Confidentiality Notes

Ethical theories and principles that are related to confidentiality are- confidentiality is one of the most basic principles in wellness tutorship practice and it is the most long-standing estimable dictum in health care codes of ethics. It is the practice of retentiveness harmful, shameful, or embarrassing patient entropy within proper abuts. The right to privacy gives legal standing to this ethical principle. ). a reliable test for who among team members should be give certain types of knowledge is need to do it basis.It is necessary for one to adequately perform ones specific job responsibilities- supposeing that by giving the study does it provide the adequate caring response that is required for the patient) Immediate aims of confidentiality are to 1. Facilitate the sharing of in the altogether information with the goal of upholding the patient 2. Exclude unlicenced people from such information 3. have it off need to know information from mere interest when decid ing what to share.Confidentiality serves as one cornerstone for the straight foundation of a trusting health professional-patient relationship that should be built AMA principles of medical examination ethics states that- a physician shall respect the rights of patients, of colleagues and of other health professionals and shall safeguard patient confidences within the constrains of the law. This provides a conflict when a physician knows that some secret may be harmful for the patient and yet are bound to keep it.Breaking Confidence- Legal exceptions to the standard of practice that confidences must be kept, except with the patients go for or at the patients request to break it include * An emergency in which keeping the confidence will harm the patient * Patient is incompetent or incapacitated and a tercet party needs to be informed for decision making for the patient * Third parties are at a risk for harm (eg. Sexually transmitted diseases, child or other abuses) * Request fo r shipment or hospitalization of a psychiatrically ill patient * A serious risk that any others may be harmed (a terrorist threat) Eventually breaking of confidence always enlists at least one harm and for health professionals it is to minimize the harm 6 step process in confidentiality situations 1. flavour 1- Gather relevant information- 2. Step 2 &3- identify the type of ethical problem and the ethics approach to analyze it 3. Step 4- look for the practical alternatives 4. Step5- Complete the action 5. Step 6- Evaluate the process and outcomeEthical principles or elements that support confidentiality are * charity * Nonmaleficence or fidelity * Right to autonomy Key character trait is trustworthiness kindness, compassion, and courage to help with the challenging situations. Patient care information systems (PCIS)- is a computerized systems of embark of patients that are permanently kept in an electronic form Health information managers- (also known as the gatekeepers of medi cal records) are key members of the health care team.Their primary role is the responsibility for designing and maintaining the system that facilitates the collection, use and dissemination of health and medical information. They ensure that the medical records are correct and kept in privacy and are only given to the health professionals that have the right to see them. They ensure that the records are non abused or released to unauthorized persons. Medical record is an extremely useful document for the health professionals * Can be found two in paper and electronic form They are systematic accounts of a patients take care with a health provider * They serve as a repository of information * Generated by and contributed to by many providers in various health delivery settings * EHR- Electronic health record is an electronic record of patient health information, they often include patient demographics, progress notes, problems, medications, relevant social history, medical history , alert signs, laboratory info and diagnostic reports guidelines that are applicable when recording patient information 1. Questionable information should be clearly labeled as questionable 2. True information that is not relevant to should not be recorded 3. All information should be handled among health professionals with regard for the privacy and dignity of patients Confidentiality in conclusion comes down to each professional being vigilant about the flow of patient information, guided by the goal of using information to help the patient.Patient privacy- Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 * This act enforce considerable new constraints on the use and disclosure of a patients personal clinical information * Major goal of HIPAA is to ensure that an individuals health information is properly protected while allowing the glow of information needed to promote high-quality care * This set of regulations are called the New federal Medical Privacy Rule- basic intent is to control the use or disclosure of protected health information * One area that this rule strongly affects is the handling of information for purposes of research.It has also been interpreted to mean that information about patients (including family members) cannot be released * A covered entity is defined as a health plan, data processing company, health care professional, or hospital The Health Information Technology for Economic and clinical Health Act- * Parts of this act expanded and strengthened the privacy laws that protect patient health information originally outlined under HIPAA. Provides additional provisions regarding privacy and security breaches, reporting of breaches, accounting of disclosures, restrictions of disclosures for sales and marketing purposes, and monetary penalties associates with HIPAA violations.

Client-server and Human Resource Essay

The prop nonp atomic number 18ilnts have found the by-line studies and literature as relevant to the system being proposed. The review of link up literature and studies will parcel out as an overview of the bear witnessation in the synopsis of the system.INTRODUCTIONHuman election info form (HRIS) improves education and communication between the company and the employees it becomes an meaning(a) strategic tool since it collect, manages and reports instruction for decision making. Modern HRIS regard to help the organizations by automating most of the Human election (HR) functions. The changing world parvenu technology that is avail fit, managers need to be aware of the technology that will increase effectiveness in the company. Early Human Resource, therefore called personnel, were bound to employee record charge and were provided as a service to the organization. There was no HRIS as we eff it today. Personnel record keeping was d one(a) by hand, oftentimes utiliz ing a system as frank as an index card file. The personnel department was typically small with little power and limited interaction with the organizations cable mission. After WWII organizations became more(prenominal) aware of homo ceiling issues recognizing the importance of employee morale in the success of organizations. Formal selection and evolution processes were developed but there was no real change from the original responsibility of the personnel department that of record keeping.As record keeping was still done by hand, HR information systems, pre-1960, hardly gave a hint of what they would become with the orgasm of workplace technology. In the late 1960s and 1970s the term human mental imagery management gained super acid usage in place of the term personnel and by 1974 the new term, human imageryfulness management, was visual aspect in media headlines and was eventually shortened to just HR. From the 60s to the 80s organizations firmly combine HR into th eir onus business missions. At the same time regulatory reporting requirements for employees increased signifi do-nothingtly. oversize organizations used master(prenominal)frame computers to maintain organization entropy bases and technology based Human Resource schooling Systems (HRIS) provided an efficient solution for the increased record-keeping and reporting required by government regulation. The human resources department became one of the most important users of the organizations computer systems, though the primary task was still record-keeping.In this modern era of Information Technology (I.T), human resource information system (HRIS) has become an important management discipline at enterprise level. HRIS plays a vital role in implementing the strategic business objectives of the organization, and in running the daily operations/functions efficiently and effectively to improve the productivity and proficiency, human capital becomes the only sustainable resource of the agonistic gain for an organization. Firms that is successful at finding, managing, retaining and developing good employees. Since 1990, the economical rapid change with globalization and technological innovations led for the development of human resource information systems (HRIS) and progress internet capability facilitates to create a real-time dual-lane data information-based, self-service, and interactive work environment. Information Technology with web-enabled capabilities helps human resource (HR) as it becomes a more horizontal and self-learning organization, by enabling human resource to contribute to the strategic focus of the organization.The strategically focus in human resource import from the resource-based view of the firm that treats human capital as a strategic asset and a agonistic advantage in improving organizational performance. Human Resource Information System is a positive procedure for collecting, storing, maintaining, retrieving, and validating dat a needed by an organization. HRIS comes to the rescue of human resource professionals, because it has common shared database, tools to analyze to aid in decision making and many another(prenominal) early(a) features such as see and matching resumes compatible with requirement of the organization. HRIS empowers the employees to access their personnel records, view the payroll department, tax payments and compensational benefits like wellness coverage, hideaway benefits and other perks and incentives. In the literature, Database, Employee Tracking, Benefits Administration, Payroll Administration, Employee Interfaces and attendance monitoring are deemed to be major components of human resource information systems.REVIEW OF related to LITERATUREJohn Gill et al., (2010) described the HRIS is a computerized system typically comprising a database or inter-related databases that wipe employees and their employment-specific information. Broderick (1992) states that HRIS evict influen ce effectiveness in four ways Firstly, with speech pattern on increased productivity from the workforce, recruitment, short term working, temporary, and less(prenominal) redundancies. Secondly, it deals with the increasing demands made be legislation, which related to HR practices and the increased need to produce statistics for government. The third factor was the rate of the development of computer technology. The utmost factor was the increased availability of HRIS at lower costs.The professional body argued that effective HRIS use leads to efficiency. Michael et al., 2008 Florkowski et al., (2006) in his research paper The diffusion of human-resource information technology innovations in US and nonUS firms, evaluated the diffusion of information technologies that are transforming HR service-delivery and revealed that the modest correlation between the number of acquired Information Technologies (IT) and HR-transactions automation stand ups the general call for more formalized HR-technology strategies at the firm level to coordinate purchasing and implementation decisions. Hussain ZI (2002) in his article give tongue to that HRIS flush toilet help large or small businesses.By organizing the payroll, benefits and employee information among other things, its instant to stay current on any changes to this software. Keeping the HR information system secure and docile with other software should be the most important aspect. (International Journal of Research in Economics & kind Sciences 52 http//www.euroasiapub.org ) The emergence of Information Technology, especially internet-enabled technology has affected and enhanced many management areas that intromit HR management. The decreasing costs of computer technology versus the increasing costs of employee compensation and benefits made learnedness of computer-based HR systems (HRIS) a necessary business decision.Resource Information Systems in Jordanian Universities crochetThe main purposes of this take are to explore the extent to which public Jordanian universities have adopted Human Resource Information System (HRIS) and to examine the current HRIS uses, benefits and barriers in these universities. A structured questionnaire was constructed based on other previous studies it also pre-tested, modified and translated to capture data from HRIS users in Jordanian universities. The main findings of this study revealed that the officious response and access to information were the main benefits of HRIS implementation. While the insufficient financial support difficulty in changing the organizations culture and lack of commitment from top managers were the main HRIS implementation barriers.The present study provides some insights into the performance and applications of HRIS in Jordanian universities that could help Human Resource Management (HRM) practitioners to bewitch a better understanding of the current HRIS uses, benefits and problems, which in turn, will improve the effective ness of HRIS in Jordanian universities. (http//www.google.com.ph/universal resource locator?sa=t&rct=j&q=related+studies+of+hris&source=web&cd=8&cad=rja&ved=0CFgQFjAH&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjournal.ccsenet.org%2Findex.php%2Fijbm%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F7638%2F5867&ei=JjeGUPzYA-qNmQW3uIHQAQ&usg=AFQjCNHTHGH-AykQNcyM-sDYPla0MI9RHA) Human Resource Information SystemThe system that seeks to combine the task and activities involved with human resource management and information technology (IT) into one universal database through the use of enterprise resource be after (ERP) software. The goal and objectives of HRIS is to combine the diametrical parts of human resources including payroll, labor productivity, and benefit management into a less capital-intensive system than the mainframes used to manage activities in the past. Which is also called Human Resource Management Systems (HRMS). The Human Resource Information System is a database software or online solution for the data entry, data trac king, and data information needs of the Human Resources, payroll, management, and accounting functions within a business. Generally packaged as a data base, hundreds of companies sell some form of HRIS and every HRIS has different capabilities. Pick your HRIS dole outfully based on the capabilities one need in one company.Figure1.HRISHuman Resources Information System is a system that lets you keep track on all of employees and information about them. This is sanctionedally done in a database or, more often, in a series of inter-related databases. These systems include the employee name and contact information and all or some of the future(a) department, job title, grade, salary, salary history, position history, supervisor, nurture completed, special qualifications, ethnicity, date of birth, disabilities, veterans status, visa status, benefits selected, and more. (http//managementdemand.com/2012/07/hris/)How can HRIS contribute value to the organization?An HRIS serves two major purposes in organizationsHR Administrative and Operational qualityThe first purpose of an HRIS is to improve the efficiency with which data on employees and HR activities is compiled. Many HR activities can be performed more efficiently and with less paperwork if automated. When on-line data input is used, fewer forms must be stored, and less manual of arms record keeping is necessary. Much of the reengineering of HR activities has focused on identifying the consort of HR data and how the data can be retrieved more efficiently for authorized users. Workflow, automation of some HR activities, and automation of HR record keeping are key to improve HR operations by making workflow more efficient.HR Strategic RoleThe second purpose of an HRIS is more strategic and related to HR planning. Having accessible data enables HR planning and managerial decision making to be based to a greater degree on information rather than relying on managerial knowledge and intuition. For example, inste ad of manually doing a turnover analysis by department, length of service, and educational background, a specialist can quickly compile such a report by using an HRIS and various variety and analysis functions. Human resource management (HRM) has grown in strategic value in many organizations accordingly, there has been an increased emphasis on obtaining and using HRIS data for strategic planning and human resource forecasting, which focus on broader HR effectiveness over time. What are the Uses of an HRIS?An HRIS has many uses in an organization. The most basic is the automation of payroll and benefit activities. With an HRIS, employees time records are entered into the system, and the appropriate deductions and other individual adjustments are reflected in the final paychecks. As a result of HRIS development and implementation in many organizations, several payroll functions are being transferred from accounting departments to HR departments. Beyond these basic activities, many o ther HR activities can be affected by the use of an HRIS.Figure2. Uses of Human Resource Information System(http//www.nmatec.com/hrwise/what)REVIEW OF RELATED SYSTEMSASSESSMENT OF SUPPORT AND BENEFITS OF HRIS INMEDIUM-SCALE TEXTILE INDUSTRIESABSTRACTIn the current fast-paced global competitive business environment, the efficient and effective management of human capital is an immense challenge to the human resource departments Information systems contributes to improve the organizational performance, and enhance the competencies of human resource professionals. This paper aims to assess and establish the support levels and the benefits of the human resource information systems in the medium scale textile industries. As a core part of the study, the primary data was collected from the selected of respondents of textile companies who are using human resource information systems with the help of a survey questionnaire.The data analysis that was performed using cumulative weighted avera ge technique concludes highly moderate support levels of human resource information systems exists in the medium-scale textile industries and they are able to attain only 2/3 of the benefits. Further the research, based on an evolutionary view of figure growth suggests improvements in the human resource information systems in order to gain the competitive advantage and to maximize the benefits. (International Journal of Research in Economics & Social Sciences 52 http//www.euroasiapub.org )THE ROLE OF HUMAN imagination INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING IN PRIVATE SECTOR ORGANIZATIONS IN SRI LANKAABSTRACTHuman Resource Information System (HRIS) has become one of most vital information systems in the market. This study focuses on the role of HRIS in human resource planning (HR) in private welkin organizations in Sri Lanka. The purpose is to explore the functionality and contribution of HRIS in HR planning through HRIS recruiting and training & development subsystems as perceived by senior HR executives in Sri Lankan private sector organizations. A flee survey was carried out to identify the problem using structured interviews with Heads of HR of three selected private companies. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from senior HR executives of selected private sector companies in Sri Lanka. Answers authoritative from 89 respondents were analyzed. The overall response rate was 48 percent.The deductive mode of reasoning, cross-sectional study and duodecimal techniques were selected as research methods. The results of the survey showed that the most frequently accepted HRIS feature is training needs analysis (TNA) and that there is high positive correlation between HRIS job analysis and the effectiveness of HR planning. near Sri Lankan private sector organizations perceived the contribution to efficiency of HR planning through HRIS skill inventory, HRIS TNA, HRIS training program evaluation, HRIS succession planning, HRIS labor dem and and supply analysis and decision-making, as the greatest contribution of HRIS. This study shows that HRIS needs to offer more intelligent capabilities to increase the effectiveness of HR planning. HRIS vendors need to win the faith of HR professionals through enriching features and increasing the awareness and usage of HRIS in HR planning, especially its effectiveness.DEVELOPMENT OF HR INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR AN AEROSPACE INDUSTRY ABSTRACTThe usage of a proper HR Information System (HRIS) has always been an important contribution for the HR (HR) operation in any organisation to work effectively. HR is one of the important functions of any industry. Hence it is important to keep this function equally efficient and effective compared to other operations in an organisation. One of the factors which contribute to the proper functioning of HR operation is data. Storing, analysing, touch and retrieving of data for decision making become necessary in this context. In the current study , the existing manual systems and processes in the HR department has been studied and observed.By studying the various processes with the help of tools like flow charts, use cases and data flow diagrams various parameters has been analysed. The HRIS has been somaed using object oriented analysis and design methodology along with PHP version 5.0 for the front end and MySQL as backend database. Various forms like employee information, leave compliment has been designed. Partial implementation of HRIS with Leave Management System as one of the modules has been carried out. Various reports like new and existing employees, leave pending/approval has been created.The HRIS has been implemented against the existing system on internal boniface with Windows operating system which reduced 49.24% of time compared to the existing system. The developed HRIS will help the organisation to effectively store employee data more securely and accurately. This study can be further extended in implemen tation of other modules of HRIS like recruitment, training, and development, compensation, benefits and payroll. (http//www.msrsas.org/docs/sastech_journals/archives/May2011/8.pdf)HUMAN RESOURCES FOR PUBLIC HEALTH IN INDIA ISSUES AND CHALLENGES Deoki Nandan*, K.S. Nair** and U.Datta***Availability of commensurate number of human resources with suitable skill mix and their appropriate deployment at different levels of health care set-up are essential for providing an effective health care service for the population. Since independence, concerted efforts have been made to manoeuvre the need for human resources for health in India. However, shortage exists in all categories of human resources at different levels. Ensuring the availability of human resources for health in rural areas and building their capacity in public health are daunting tasks. Future challenges include planning for human resource for public health at State/national level, framing of State specific human resource development and training insurance policy, first appearance of human resource management information system, reorientation of medical and para-medical education and ensuring proper utilization of the dexterous manpower and standardization of training. It is also important to link human resource development and training policy to the National Rural Health Mission in achieving its goals.(http//medind.nic.in/hab/t07/i4/habt07i4p230.pdf)